Literature Paper Essay

Sophocles two plays, namely the AD 6717-658 Oedipus the King as well as the 658-693 Antigone, are dominated by elements of conflict – both external and internal. The external conflict involves two persons with opposing viewpoints being engaged in a physical or philosophical confrontation. On the other hand, the internal cases of conflict occur when certain individuals in the 2 plays encounter dilemmas regarding doing things that their consciences counsel against. Further, the playwright describes various characters handling the conflicting situations in a variety of ways. For example, some characters just choose to give in, become complicit, and do the things that their consciences advise against. A notable example of this phenomenon in Oedipus the King is Queen Jocasta’s action of bowing to King Laius’ (her husband’s) pressure and thus giving away the young Oedipus to be disposed off. Likewise, in Antigone, Ismene depicts the same behavior of allowing outside pressure to adversely influence her conscience-led aspirations. To this end, Ismene refuses to join efforts with Antigone – her defiant sister – in burying Polyneices – the 2 sisters’ departed brother. Conversely, the 2 plays contain cases whereby physical person-to-person conflicts arise. For instance, in Antigone, Creon – Thebe’s ruler – holds viewpoints that conflict with those of Haemon – Creon’s son. To illustrate, when Creon detains and intends to murder Antigone – Haemon’s fiance – son and father are at loggerheads. The situation deteriorates to the extent of father and son insulting one another. Haemon angrily leaves, promising that he will never come back. Similarly, in Oedipus the King, King Oedipus becomes conflicted with prophet Tiresias because Tiresias is experiencing an internal sort of conflict. The prophet is aware that telling King Oedipus the truth about who killed King Laius would yield no good results. On the other hand, King Oedipus is very intent on ascertaining the true identity of Lauis’ killer, not knowing that Oedipus himself killed Laius. The conflict between the 2 personalities pushes them to exchange harsh words. This conflict is resolved when Tiresias utters the definitive paradox that Laius was indeed killed by his (Laius’) son. All in all, through the two plays – Antigone and Oedipus the King, playwright Sophocles describes both external and external cases of conflict, with the conflicts being resolved to the detriment of a certain individual. To begin with, Queen Jocasta’s conflict regarding either disposing off or saving the life of Oedipus – her son – ends with the infant son being disadvantaged when he is disposed off. The hopeless Oedipus passes from the hands of Jocasta, to a servant, to a lowly shepherd and eventually to a King’s palace. Through such transition, the baby encounters various hardships. Firstly, he risks being killed and then spends some time out in the open fields where he is exposed to the elements. Further, it is notable that the shepherd who eventually passes Oedipus on to King Polybus has no means of keeping and raising the condemned child. Jocasta’s indecisiveness when she faces the internal conflict of either saving or killing Oedipus thus causes the son immense problems. In this case, Sophocles describes a conflict being resolved to the detriment of a particular personality – Oedipus. In a similar version, in Antigone, Sophocles describes Antigone’s conflict as resulting in a string of misfortunes. After Creon the King unjustly orders that Polyneices should be ignored regarding proper burial, with Eteocles being accorded a fitting send-off, Antigone – Polyneices’ sister – becomes mentally conflicted. Antigone immediately detects Creon’s partiality in ordering for this obviously discriminative treatment. She thus cannot demonstrate complicity by adhering to Creon’s unjust edict. The determined girl therefore opts to secretly accord Polyneices a proper burial. By doing this, Antigone risks being put to death as indicated by Creon’s directive. She however gallantly carries on with her plan and even boldly defending her decisions before the King. Related to Antigone’s mental conflict is Ismene’s dilemma whereby she has to choose to either stand by Antigone or obey Creon’s controversial decree. By adhering to the directives that Creon has issued, Ismene will in effect be betraying Polyneices – her brother. Conversely, by deciding to join Antigone in properly burying Polyneices, Ismene will be showing sisterly responsibility to her departed brother as well as to Antigone. In addition, Ismene risks being put to death as per Creon’s orders should she go by Antigone’s bold decision. Eventually, Ismene shies away and avoids going by Antigone’s plans. On her part, Antigone boldly accords Polyneices a proper send-off, thus attracting Creon’s wrath. Ultimately, the 2 sisters find themselves behind bars, with Ismene being a sort of martyr since she did not participate in Antigone’s defiant actions. It is at this point that Antigone faces another conflict when Ismene offers to suffer the consequences of Antigone’s actions. Antigone is aware that it would be unjust to allow Ismene suffer the same fate as Antigone. Although outside pressure eventually forces Creon to let the 2 girls walk free, the conflict that Ismene and Antigone face is resolved with disastrous results. Further, the decision that Antigone makes because of being mentally conflicted serves to make Creon’s son – Haemon – to also become conflicted. To illustrate, after Creon puts Antigone in prison, intending to kill the girl, Haemon intervenes, trying to persuade Creon to let the girl walk away. Haemon does this because he is an intimate friend to Antigone. He thus cannot allow his father to kill Antigone owing to the love that Haemon has for Antigone. It is worth noting that Haemon is in a tight spot when he approaches Creon, persuading the King to let Antigone go away. This is because Haemon risks being branded a traitor or someone who demonstrates insubordination towards the King. On the other hand, should Haemon decide to keep quiet, allowing the King to do as he wills with Antigone, Haemon will demonstrate lack of commitment towards Antigone. Son and father thus confront each other because they hold varying viewpoints about the incarceration of Antigone. Again, Sophocles describes a person-to-person conflict being resolved in a negative way. After Haemon and Creon hurl insults at each other, Haemon walks away, promising that he will never come back. True to his words, Haemon commits suicide. Likewise, through the Oedipus the King play, Sophocles describes the shepherd who witnessed King Laius’ murder as well as Oedipus as being conflicted both externally and internally. For instance, King Oedipus desires to know every detail of his (Oedipus’) childhood. On the other hand, the shepherd is aware that should he become aware of his past, Oedipus will only experience pain. The shepherd thus only gives certain details of Oedipus childhood after which he begs to be allowed to stop the narration. By doing this, the shepherd seeks to shield Oedipus from the pain that will inevitably result when the King learns of his (the King’s) past. Such good intentions are however misunderstood by Oedipus as the shepherd’s demonstration of insubordination. Consequently, Oedipus threatens the shepherd with death should he hold back any information from the King. The shepherd is thus deeply conflicted. He is very sure that when Oedipus learns the truth about Oedipus’ lineage, the King will surely be gravely hurt. Out of fear for his life, the shepherd finally explains all the details about Oedipus life. Consequently, the King becomes distraught. Further, the Queen commits suicide, after which Oedipus gorges out both his eyes and goes into self-imposed exile. Once more, Sophocles describes the conflict between the shepherd and King Oedipus as being resolved in a bad manner as it results in the deaths of Queen Jocasta and the self-imposed exile of King Oedipus. In conclusion, though his 2 plays – Oedipus the King and Antigone – playwright Sophocles describes numerous instances whereby various characters are conflicted either externally or internally. One notable case of mental conflict in Antigone is the instance when Antigone has to choose to either remain loyal to Polyneices – her brother – or obey Creon’s dictatorial decree. Conversely, the instance when Creon and Haemon exchange bitter words denotes external conflict. On the other hand, in Oedipus the King, Jocasta’s indecision regarding whether to dispose off or save Oedipus represents internal conflict. The shepherd and Oedipus’ confrontation demonstrates external conflict. Further, all the conflicts that are presented in both Oedipus the King as well as in Antigone are resolved in ways that harm certain characters.

Loren Inc

Case Study Format Program: Supply Chain Management Extension Certificate Case Study Format & Methodology You must use this format to prepare your case study analysis and recommendations for course assignments. Organization Background This section provides the context for the issue / organization being examined. It is necessary and important that the class be given a feel for the type of organization and industry being examined, the marketplace in which that industry operates, and the overall business environment in which the discussion and analysis will take place.Defining the Issue It is extremely important that the Learner / group clearly articulate what the problem / situation is to the class. It is essential that the immediate issue / situation, and other broader issues being examined, relate specifically to Supply Chain Management (SCM) material or service related issue(s). The key concern(s), problem(s), decisions(s), challenge(s) or opportunity (ies) must be clearly articulate d and detailed in order to ensure that the remainder of the discussion is meaningful and actionable.This issue(s) / situation must clearly be important to the organization, a source of major competitiveness or significant profitability / loss. The urgency of the situation must also be clearly articulated. Analyzing Case Data This is where a considerable part of the discussion should be contained: causes and effects (i. e. fishbone diagrams); constraints and opportunities; and, quantitative and qualitative assessments.People, materials, methods, equipment, money, and other factors all lead up to effects that must be examined and determined to be valid or invalid. From there, constraints or opportunities which will impact the analysis need to be examined and factored in to possible courses of action. Decision Criteria It is imperative that criteria be clearly established against which all possible alternatives will be measured or compared against. These criteria provide the basis for evaluation and assessment. They can be classified as quantitative as well as qualitative.Such criteria may include: profit; cost; return on investment (ROI); market share; capacity; risk; and / or, cash flow, to name a few. Qualitative criteria may include: competitive advantage; customer satisfaction; employee morale; corporate image; ease of implementation; synergy; ethics; safety; and / or goodwill, to name a few. There may be other criteria that the Learner / group have determined are essential to the decision making process. Ensure that the criteria chosen are clearly articulated and described.Alternative Analysis and Evaluation Each alternative must be clearly identified. The key advantages and disadvantages of each alternative must be listed and thoroughly discussed. The compare and contrast (pro and con) assessments of each alternative must be done against the decision criteria previously listed and discussed. A matrix format may be used in order to more accurately compare e ach of the alternatives. If multiple decision criteria are being used, weighting of each of the criteria must be applied.It is also important to look at the short and long term results of each alternative, and to assess the best, the worst, and the most likely outcomes for each alternative. Qualitative and quantitative analysis will be required. It will also be necessary for the student to use the various supply chain management tools and techniques learned throughout the certificate program to determine those possible outcomes.  © Mount Royal University Continuing Education, Supply Chain Management Extension Certificate, 2013 1 Action and Implementation PlanBased on the predicted outcomes and the comparative strengths and weaknesses of each alternative, the most logical conclusion and alternative should be the one selected by the Learner / group. However, a combination of alternatives may be the more reasonable approach, utilizing the strengths of various alternatives and elimina ting, where possible, the weaknesses of the selected alternatives. The proposed actions and implementation plan must minimize the disadvantages while taking advantage of as many of the strengths as possible.The action plan must be specific and include: who, what, when, where, and how. A contingency plan would also be useful in case things do not go as expected. The implementation plan should include a set of milestones and a schedule for everyone to measure their success against. Assumptions, Presentation & Organization It is important for the Learner / group to clearly identify all assumptions being made when they have been used, and to clearly articulate why case data was unavailable and / or not used.This reflects real life where not all of the information is available to make the most accurate decision possible. If the assumptions are not exactly correct, the implementation plan and contingency plan must be flexible enough to be able to react to any necessary changes. All assump tions used must be reasonable and be as â€Å"true-to-life† as possible.  © Mount Royal University Continuing Education, Supply Chain Management Extension Certificate, 2013 2

Henrietta's Immortal Cells Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Henrietta's Immortal Cells - Essay Example Sadly, this same rate of cell proliferation killed Henrietta but the cells have lived on to become support pillars of biological researches. â€Å"He-La are the first immortal human cell lineage† (Howard W Jones, Victor A. McKusick; Obstetrics and gynecology, pg-945-949). Dr.Gey distributed the cells worldwide to researchers, to help in research endeavors, because â€Å"He-la cells could be grown by anyone capable of trypsinizing cells† (Fredrick Bang, History of tissue culture), they divided rapidly, synthesized normal proteins, mimicked normal cell signaling, gene regulation and could be infected, and thus they became potential tools for study. He-La cells helped to develop Salk’s vaccine and the cells have also been used for gene mapping, Aids and Cancer studies, gene cloning, immunological studies. Author Rebecca Skloot â€Å"More than 60,000 published science articles have mentioned He-La cell research and the number just keeps on increasing† (Rebecca Skloot, The Immortal life of Henreitta

Textual Analysis of Los Vendidos Research Paper

Textual Analysis of Los Vendidos - Research Paper Example The drama revolves around stereotype and prejudice towards the Mexicans in America. The writer of the play, Valdez has used humor and entertainment most probably to shun affronting any race. Racism is a big issue and no one would like to be stigmatized or treated differently because of their race, color, religion or gender (Vogelmann 1-4). This play has served the purpose of making light with intention of making people understand racism and prejudice without intending to hurt anyone at the end (Mc Parland's 3). This is helped by the fact that it is a comedy play. There are several themes evident in this play and they are prejudice, racism, social injustice, social identity, Marxism and Hispanophobia. The Mexicans-Americans in this play faced challenges as they were discriminated against. The play humbled the audience instead of inciting confidence in those that were not victims in the play. As a representation of the American society at the time, theatre as a weapon is a term that co mes in several parts of the play. This play has been used to enlighten people on the various issues that encompass prejudice towards the Latin Americans. And it was and is not a small issue because it has been recognized over the years as a vice against the Mexican Americans that had taken toll over the years (Carl et al 13-16). Even the Mexican government mentioned it at one time and said that, â€Å" the government of Mexico, opposes any form of discrimination institutionalization or otherwise, as well as the new forms of discrimination, xenophobia and other forms of intolerance that emerged in several parts of the world , particularly in the developed countries†. The fact the play has one of the major themes as racism among the ethnic groups of American society is a clear indication that it is a vice that existed for a long time basing on the fact that it was written a very long time ago. The characters in the play have brought out this main theme. At the end of the play t he revolucionario states that robot Sancho â€Å"is the best model we got†. This indicates that the Mexicans are fed up of being discriminated and stereotyped against. The secretary in her description wants an American who is black and fits in all her other descriptions of being ‘hardworking’, ‘debonair’, ‘sophisticated’ and ‘American-made’. After just a short while of sampling the models she disregards them at says they do not meet her requirements. She refuses each of the models presented to her by finding flaws in each one of them. This points out how people are always so quick to judge and have objections so easily when they are prejudiced against someone. It is a common thing for people to form some sort of attitude when they hear an accent or see a skin color that is different from theirs giving them an impression that they do not belong., Most of the Mexicans who live in America are discriminated and become treated as second class citizens. An example in the play is by the farm worker who comes to America once a year. He is a migrant worker. â€Å"One plate of beans and tortillas will keep him going all day†. Pachuco is a Mexican gangster who is feared a great deal by the Americans. It is normal for any human to fear a harmful person but in Pachuco’s case this fear has been heightened because of his being a Mexican. Revoluncionario is the typical man in western movies that women want to be with, he is always drinking, rides over the plains

Artist Statement Visual Arts and Film Studies Personal Statement

Artist Visual Arts and Film Studies - Personal Statement Example Growing up, I always felt confined to rigid thought patterns and strict behavioral expectations. I had to live the way people around me desired, not how I wanted. Added to this was my position as a woman in a highly patriarchal society. I recognize that success would only come from struggle and commitment. My mother once told me that when I was a little girl, she never noticed when I was around because I was introspective, and was always drawing. While my interests and experience has grown significantly since this formative period, I recognize many elements of myself in this early incarnation. Today I remain introspective and committed to art. For me, artistic expression now helps me articulate my feelings and work towards personal development and self-discovery. This is why I love the art of Frida Kahlo. She tells stories about herself and reveals the beauty in this truth. I always care to tell something in my art. I like to draw characters that reflect aspects of my personality â⠂¬â€œ I want my art to speak and to tell the truth. I also recognize that oftentimes things are not black and white; in these instances, art allows me to confront my struggles. When I consider broader issues in my life, I recognize I believe that there is nothing more beautiful than imagination. Without imagination the world’s problems cannot be tackled. ... Psychodynamic theory contends that childhood experiences influence later personal development and motivation. While I am no psychologist, I oftentimes consider that my controlled and restrictive childhood greatly influenced my artistic desire for self-expression. Throughout high school in Kuwait I yearned to simply write my opinion in an essay, yet I always was restricted to what my teacher thought. I remember watching a program about cartooning when I was a child and told my mother that is what I wanted to do with my life. I would dream about becoming an animator and construct stories to songs I would hear. My father was largely indifferent to my aspirations, instead he emphasized math. Still I persisted in my aspirations and still have a dream of becoming an animator. Each time I watch one of my favorite animated films, such as Spirited Away, Triplets of Belleville, or Tim Burton’s Corpse Bride, I get inspired about animation. I’m applying to California Institute of t he Arts because of its outstanding Master Degree in Animation program. After researching the program I came to recognize that I would make an excellent fit at your institution and strongly contribute to the artistic environment. Specifically, I appreciate your institution’s emphasis on self-express and diversity of study. I’m familiar with many student films made at your institution and appreciation their process and aesthetic quality. I recognize that many of my artistic conceptions could find expression in such an environment – I have an abundance of plans and projects that I want to bring to life. Being half Arab and half Persian, I have a diverse cultural background that

Sales management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Sales management - Essay Example To make matters worse, various selling jobs in the same organization can involve very different tasks and the tasks may vary between organizations in the same industry (1996). Thus, to give a clear picture of what is expected out of new hires, sales training is important. To explain the personal and professional characteristics necessary for a successful sales career: New hires expect to know the growth path in the organization and also the requirements to progress on the growth path. Sales training involves the training on aspects such as personal characteristics attitude, role perception, skill refinement and professionalism which chart the progress of employees on growth path. To enthuse the new employee to pick-up quickly: A new employee is often uncertain of the environment/culture and working of the organization. Hence, it is important to enthuse the new employee with a training which will clear his doubts about the working and climb the learning curves speedily. To motivate the employees: One of the biggest challenges employers face is keeping staff morale high and enthusiasm up. Sales trainings will not only improve the knowledge base of the employees but add to the feeling that they are valued. This will result in making their sales call more effective, and also increasing their confidence & earning potential (Penistone 2002) . To impart the latest tactics or knowledge on current/ future market practices: The market place keeps evolving and competitors keep coming up with new ideas which should be either countered or emulated in an effort to stay in the race. With the daily routine job, sales people often miss to keep a tab on new and famous in the market. Hence, sales training is important to teach the existing employees the latest tactics in sales. To encourage specialization: Sales trainings, if carefully crafted, encourage sales persons to choose a line of sales

Organizational communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organizational communication - Essay Example Talking is a skill which is a physical ability of every human being. However doing that task in an effective manner is termed as â€Å"communication†. Communication is all about sharing one’s ideas, opinions, information and feelings.The work of managers in large organizations is problem solving and decision making. This is a very critical job as it steers the course of the society along with the economic and governmental organizations. It is a two way activity which requires a sender and a receiver. "Any act by which one person gives to or receives from another person, information about that person's needs desires, perceptions, knowledge, or affective states. Communication may be intentional or unintentional, may involve conventional or unconventional signals, may take linguistic or nonlinguistic forms, and may occur through spoken or other modes." (National Joint Committee for the Communicative Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities, 1992, p. 2) The work of managers in large organizations is problem solving and decision making. This is a very critical job as it steers the course of the society along with the economic and governmental organization s. The job includes identifying the issue which require attention, setting goals for it, designing a proper course of action, and evaluating and choosing amongst many alternative actions. ... Decision support system is a computerized system used for supporting rather than automating decisions. A decision is ideally choosing between alternatives which have an estimate value. Supporting a decision means helping people working alone or in a group gather intelligence, generate alternatives and make choices. Decision making is applicable to all walks of life, including decisions about what to buy, whom to vote for, or what job to take. The decision making process starts with the collection of information moving on to inference and judgment before finally choosing the right alternative. In order to understand the organization in total, understanding organizational communication is very important. "Organizational communication, broadly speaking, is: people working together to achieve individual or collective goals". Katherine Miller, p.1 The purpose of communication may range from completing a task or mission to creating and maintaining satisfying human relationships. The word transfer means a lot more than the simple process of the conception of an idea by the sender and interpretation of the same by the receiver. It stresses upon the mind of the sender which created the meaning followed by the recreation of it by the receiver. The intent of the communication fails if the interpretation of the senders mind is wrong. Organisational communication can include: Flow of Communication, Induction, Channels, meetings and interviews. Most recently, Organisational communication has advanced from a stage of communication between a sender and a receiver to a study of ways in which communication is not just the means to accomplish certain tasks within the organisational settings but also how the organisation we work for, affects

Game Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Game Theory - Essay Example In context, Marx and his wife Anna are faced with critical decisions in their life. Given that their marriage has been on the rocks for a period, each of them separately relies on the game theory as the route towards getting preferable choices in their marriage, which is one of the top techniques to resolve marital problems (Szuchman). In addition to being a couple, the two operate separate but similar businesses, on which they have had fights because of their stiff competition. Their profiled problems start on Valentine’s Day, regarding the gifts they want to buy for each other and even proceed to resolution of their business woes, whose best propositions are determined by the game theory. The couple requires solutions that will salvage their marriage and prosper their businesses using the best strategies. Scenario 1 Marx wants to buy a comb for Anna this Valentine’s Day so that she can tend to her long hair. On the other hand, Anna would love to buy a wrist strap for her husband’s pocket watch, who has difficulties in keeping time at his place of work. Despite their perfect love for each other, neither has enough money to purchase the gift they would want to give. We may want to assume quite a different scenario, where the two lovers are in an uncertain short-term relationship and are self-centered. In this perspective, they do not care about each other, but are more concerned on the gains or losses they hope to make in the term of their relationship.

Strategy Implementation in Strategic Management Essay

Strategy Implementation in Strategic Management - Essay Example Moreover, the corporation is ISO 14001 certified, and this has acted to enhance its corporate image. A major weakness of Carnival Corporation is that it has amongst its fleets a lot of many old ships (Wheelen & Hunger, 2008). This has meant lost business at times, because their target market is the young travellers, and these prefer newer ships. Another weakness for the company could be the presence of too many members of the Arison family amongst the directors (six out of fourteen), and this could impact greatly on the corporate decisions of Carnival. An opportunity that Carnival Corporation may consider venturing more into is the cruise market in Europe, instead of concentrating more into the American market. This is because according to the cruise industry in Europe, this is one of the most lucrative routes. Furthermore, Carnival corporations could also wish to venture into the area of organising and facilitating visits to historical sites around the world, and include this addition into their package of services offered. The escalation in fuel prices poses a threat to Carnival, as this means that the corporation may have to raise its fares. Terrorist attacks, such as the one in September 2002, caused panic to the public, and this affected tourism. There is also occasion whereby virus attacks have infiltrated into the corporation’s server, thereby disrupting its programs, and affecting business immensely (Wheelen & Hunger, 2008). A number of legal tussles between, on the one hand, the corporation and on the other passengers have also been witnessed in recent years, and this could lead to a dented image of the corporation. In addition, some former employees have also sued the corporation, on the issue of unpaid overtime. In 2002, Carnival Corporation was charged $ 18 million as a result of counts of pollution by its ships (Levine, 2006) Carnival cruise line was founded in 1972, by  Ted Arison.  

Leopards and Humans Conflict in india Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leopards and Humans Conflict in india - Essay Example Apart from the encroachment of humans into protected regions, another reason why wild animals cross over to human landscape is food shortage in protected regions. This is due to high competition between carnivores such as leopards and tigers. This usually prompts wild animals such as the leopards to move onto human land in search of food where they normally target human livestock, dogs and chicken. In the republic of India, conflicts between human beings and wildlife are a common occurrence. One common wild animal that humans are ever having conflicts with is the leopard. According to Ramesh [1], leopards are adaptable animals that are capable of living not only in but also around human dominated landscapes. Conflicts between humans and wild animals such as the leopards normally occur when humans cross into protected areas or wild animals crossing over to human territory. Wild animals such as the leopard and other carnivores normally cross to human territory in search for food, whereby they usually target livestock [2]. In most cases when human beings interact with wild animals, a conflict ensues and apart from injuries, this results to loss of lives on both sides. It is because of this that the Indian government is ever on the move to ensure that the rate of human-wildlife conflicts are minimized since if left to prevail could eventually result to extinction of endangered spe cies. The paper will relay information on how human-wildlife conflicts are a major problem in India in addition some of the most appropriate measures that ought to be enacted in order to minimize the conflicts. In a move to determine how adverse the conflict between human beings and wildlife has become, a number of researches were conducted in various protected regions and its environs. One study was in Akole Tahsil, a densely populated region located in Ahmednagar district. In the western regions of Akole

Cheque Case Essay Example for Free

Cheque Case Essay A check bounces either because there is not enough money or credit in a bank to cover its amount, as in DAIF (drawn against insufficient funds check), NSF (non-sufficient funds check) and closed account. Batas Pambasa Blg. 22 punishes any person who, KNOWING at the time he issues a check in payment of obligation that he does not have sufficient funds or credit with the drawee bank. The gravamen of this special penal law is the issuance of check, not the non-payment of the obligation. (Lozano vs. Martinez, 146 SCRA 323). Checks form part of the banking system for being substitutes for money. Hence, BP Blg. 22 is neither violative of the constitutional provision against imprisonment of non-payment of debt nor the non-impairment clause. In the case of Que vs. People, the Supreme Court settled that B.P.22 applies even in cases where the dishonored checks were issued merely in the form of a DEPOSIT or a GUARANTY and not as actual payment. The law does not make any distinction. Criminal liability attaches to the drawer of the check whether it was issued in payment of an obligation or merely to guarantee the said obligation. PRESCRIPTION, which is the termination of the right to prosecute is a defense in B.P. 22. The lapse of four (4) years AFTER the expiration of the five (5) banking days from notice of dishonor is the prescriptive period for filing bounced check case. Whereas, if a person, at the time the check was issued, had the intention of stopping payment of check, shall be guilty of estafa under the Revised Penal Code. In estafa, the issuance of a post-dated or check without funds is intended to defraud and to cause damage to the payee. Deceit is an element of estafa while the same is not required in BP Blg. 22. A person therefore, who issues a check in payment of an obligation can be held liable at the same time for violation of B.P. 22 and estafa under Article 315, par. 2 (d) of the Revised Penal Code. Foreign checks, provided either they are drawn and issued in the Philippines, though payable outside, are within the coverage of the law. (De Villa vs. CA, 195 SCRA 722). The signatory/ies are the ones liable under the law whether the bounced check is issued by natural or juridical person because the corporation cannot be subject to arrest and criminal liability.

African American vs. Caucasian Americans Essay Example for Free

African American vs. Caucasian Americans Essay At first glance some people might consider this paper to be on the racial side, however it was all written by observations made. There are many differences between African Americans and Caucasians, some people dont see the differences because of ignorance . You must read the paper with an open mind and take none of this to heart. African American and Caucasians function differently in public surroundings. When you see a young African American you usually see them in groups of four of more. However, when one of them gets into a disagreement five to ten more show up in their defense. They are a very close knit group of individuals. I have also noticed that when you see a young African American walking around they are usually singing, talking very loud or running around. Also when they are in groups they are very loud and take over the area that they occupy. On the other hand when you see Caucasians they are rarely in groups of three or more. To top it off when someone in one of their groups gets in trouble the rest of the group is nowhere to be found. Most times when you see young Caucasian people in a group they are for the most part within a normal speaking level. These two groups tend to act differently in the public due to their cultural differences. There are a number of differences between the churches of African Americans and Caucasians. At most typical African American churches there are no true sermons. The African American churches tend to do more entertaining rather than teaching. They also do a great deal of singing and dancing involved in there praising of God. They emphasize fellowship in their churches especially after church when they all gather and close the celebration with a meal together. However at a typical Caucasian church there are a few differences. To start it off when you first walk in you get a program detailing what will be happening through the service. They tend to structure the whole service around a sermon or story. The service every week is very predictable as to what will happen. The Caucasian churches are more there to teach the ways of the lord as they have interpreted it. Although not all the African American and Caucasian churches are along this line a majority of the main stream ones are.

Largest global foodservice retailer

Largest global foodservice retailer 1.0 Executive Summary The report is to review on how the largest global foodservice retailer, McDonalds grew in Malaysia within the past 30 years. Since the year 1980, McDonalds USA (United State of America) has given the licensing to the Malaysia organisation. The franchising business started from Klang Valley and had expanded to the whole of Malaysia. Using the SWOT analysis, Michael Porters Value Chain and the PEST analysis, this report examine the reasons why McDonalds appears to be losing market share in Malaysia. Besides discussing the expansion of McDonalds franchise in Malaysia, the report also highlight the relationship between McDonalds and the local community and also how it benefits the local people who are behind expanding the business. 2.0 Organization Overview 2.1 The Backgrounds of McDonalds McDonalds had started by the name of Mc Bar-B-Que restaurant by two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald in 1940. Mac Bar-B-Que had the drive-in concept, which features a large menu and car hop service. In 1948, the restaurant had shut down for three months to do a modification and subsequently, reopened in December with a new concept as a self-service drive-in restaurant. The new concept that McDonalds had applied was to guarantee that fresh food will be served in 60 seconds. Thus, this marks the beginning point of defined McDonalds as fast food restaurant in the future. The menu has been reduced to nine items as the hamburger is the core product. The success of the new business had attracted a multimixer salesman, Ray Kroc to visit the restaurant in 1954. At that time, it was a perfect opportunity for McDonalds because the brothers were looking for a nationwide franchising agent. Ray Kroc had learned the tricks of the trade and operations from Dick and Mac McDonald. Hence, this had led to the opening of the first Mc Donalds restaurant by Ray Kroc in Des Plaines, Illinois on 15 April 1955. The distinctive feature of the restaurant was the red and white tiled building with gold arches. Ray Kroc began the McDonalds global empire by expanding the restaurant to 100 branches within 4 years and had the number reached 500 restaurants in 1963. Besides that, McDonalds had captured the market in different ways. This include, by featuring the indoor seating in restaurants and also by including its own mascot, Ronald McDonald on television commercials and developing new products from time to time. 2.2 The McDonalds in Malaysia The McDonalds had decided to expand its business outside the USA in 1967, by opening the first international restaurant in Canada and Puerto Rico. The franchising business of McDonalds grew very fast globally and McDonalds had become the largest restaurant organisation in the world. When McDonalds was first introduced to Malaysia in 1980, McDonalds Corporation, and USA had granted the license to a local organisation, Golden Arches Restaurant Sdn Bhd to operate the McDonalds restaurant in Malaysia. Malaysians had gotten the first taste of McDonalds when McDonalds Malaysia opened its first restaurant in Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur on 29 April 1982. McDonalds Malaysia is expanding the business equally and currently, there are 185 McDonalds chains located nationwide. McDonalds Malaysia continues the expansion of the chain by about ten to fifteen restaurants yearly. Therefore, McDonalds Malaysia has created many job opportunities for the local people. There are over 7000 staffs in McDonalds and 120 support staff at the headquarters managing the day-to-day operations of McDonalds business. 3.0 SWOT Analysis SWOT is an acronym for the internal Strength and Weakness of a firm and the environmental Opportunities and Threats facing that firm. SWOT analysis is a widely used technique through which managers create a quick overview of a companys strategic situation. It is based on the assumption that an effective strategy derives from a sound fit between a firms internal sources (strengths and weakness) and its external situation (opportunities and threats). A good fit maximizes a firms strengths and opportunities but minimizes its weakness and threats. This simple assumption has powerful implications for the design of a successful strategy with accurately applied. 3.1 Impact of Internal Influences 3.1.1 Strength Strength is a resource advantage relative to competitors and the needs of the marketers a firm serves or expects to serve. It is a distinctive competence when it gives the firm a comparative advantage in the market place. Strength arises from the resources and competencies available to firm. 3.1.1.1 Convenience McDonalds is regarded as a convenience food because of the fast speed of serving food. With todays hectic lifestyle, it is the perfect food for anybody whos on the go, be it office workers or students. As it takes less than 5 minutes to get served, McDonalds is the preferred food for everybody. In addition, if the consumer does not want to drop by to the restaurant, McDonalds has its own delivery service, which is known as the McDelivery. Just a quick telephone call and the nearest McDonalds restaurant will deliver the food with a charge of RM (Ringgit Malaysia) 3. This saves the customers time and also the hassle of traffic jams. It also benefits working parents, as they do not worry about the hassle of preparing food for their children. 3.1.1.2 Quality Services The McDonalds in Malaysia provide the drive-thru service to ease the customers convenience as the location of McDonalds restaurant is busy and the parking lots are very limited. One of the reason people come for the fast food is because of speed. Thus, the drive-thru service is very popular, as they do not need to queue up for service. In addition, it is a norm for Malaysians to have supper at night. Before McDonald had introduced the twenty four hours operating restaurant, the only restaurant that operates a 24-hour service is the mamak stall (Indian-Muslim operating hawker stall which opens for twenty four hours). Hence, McDonalds had provide the twenty four hours service restaurant in order to satisfy Malaysian demand for supper. This is a value service that McDonalds had provide to provide to complement the Malaysians lifestyle. 3.1.2 Weakness A weakness is a limitation or deficiency in one or more resources or competencies relative to competitors that impedes a firms effective performance. 3.1.2.1 Quality of Product McDonalds had implemented a standard guideline of requirement for franchises in other parts of the world to follow, and McDonalds Malaysia is not excluded. McDonalds has strict rules, including how franchisee should operate a restaurant from controlling over the menu, cooking methods, staffing policies, design and location of the restaurant. This is one of the weaknesses of McDonalds since not every restaurant will provide the same quality of product. There are some feedbacks from consumers in the inconsistency of the taste of the food, such as the fries in certain McDonalds restaurants are too salty or tasteless. The most significant is the different taste of beef burgers served in the East and West Malaysia. This is due to the beef used in the burgers sold in sell at west Malaysian were imported. Furthermore, the East Malaysia government had discouraged the use of imported beef in restaurants. The texture between the local and imported beef is different as the imported beef is chew ier than the local beef. 3.1.2.2 Lack of Initiative on Product Development The menu in McDonalds Malaysia had remained the same in all these years. The development of product is poor and the new products were not introduced to the menu. Consumers have limited choices because there are only twelve types of main food in the menu. Eventually, customers would feel bored of the McDonalds menu. The McDonalds Malaysia used to have the Prosperity burger, but it only sold for a limited time, which is during the month of Chinese New Year. In addition, this is the only product that is promoted every year. 3.2 Michael Porters Value Chain Porter defines value as the amount buyers are willing to pay for what a firm provides. The value chain was therefore designed to display total value and consisted of the firms Value activities (defined below) and it margins. Therefore, the generic value chain for a single firm comprises three main elements which are primary activities, support activities and the margin. Primary activities are those involved in the creation of the product, its sale and transfer to the buyer as well as after-sales service. Support activities are those which support primary activities and each other. Three of these procurement, technology development and human resource management can be associated with specific primary activities while the fourth, firm infrastructure, supports the entire chain. 3.2.1 Primary Activities of value chain The goal of these activities is to create value that exceeds the cost of providing the product or service, thus generating a profit margin. This is the description of the activities that involve in primary value chain. Inbound Logistics includes warehousing, materials handling, inventory control, etc. Operations are the activities that transform inputs into finished products (eg machining, testing, packaging, equipment maintenance, etc). Outbound Logistics includes the activities that store and distribute products to buyers (eg warehousing, delivery vehicle operations, order processing, etc). Marketing and Sales are the activities that provide the means for the buyer to purchase (eg advertising, sales force operations, selection and management of distribution channels, etc). Service includes activities which enhance or maintain the value such as installation, repair, parts supply, etc). 3.2.1.1 Inbound Logistics As it is a fast food restaurant, McDonalds Malaysia tries to eliminate its cost of raw materials, namely meat, vegetables, raw foods and oil. As McDonalds Malaysia widely known, they will only choose the reputable supplier to provide raw foods to them. As McDonalds Malaysia is a huge conglomerate in Malaysia, it has no problem in attaining the raw materials as suppliers would be willingly to supply the materials to them. Compared to other restaurant operators, they are able to obtain a discount as their orders come in bulk. Furthermore, once they have acquired the raw materials, they will store the end products (meat, french fries) in the cold storage rooms at their respective warehouses in Malaysia. 3.2.1.2 Operations McDonalds Malaysia would have to convert the raw materials into end products, such as burgers and fries. As they are an internationally recognized company, McDonalds can afford to hire production and factory workers at a lower wage as the supply of factory workers are abundant. Quality control is also ensured as their machinery is checked to see whether there are any defects. Furthermore, the hygiene of factory workers are also strictly controlled as McDonalds cannot afford to allow any food poisoning or toxicity in their products. If there is any foreign element in the food products, this would cause customers to be ill and thereafter, affect the image of McDonalds Malaysia as a fast food restaurant. 3.2.1.3 Outbound logistics As it supplies their end product to the nationwide restaurants, McDonalds Malaysia would have to incur costs in transportation, namely the Lorries. The vehicles would be bought in at a discounted price, as McDonalds would need more vehicles to transport their end products to the whole of Malaysia. Gas and also servicing of the vehicles would also incur additional costs to McDonalds Malaysia. McDonalds Malaysia would find reputable car workshops to service their vehicles to ensure that they are of working condition. It is detrimental to the company if their vehicles are not in good condition as they need to deliver the end products (burgers) to the respective chain of restaurants. 3.2.1.4 Marketing and Sales McDonalds Malaysia would need to incur costs for their marketing and sales. Promotion would come in the form of leaflets that are inserted in newspaper as well as door to door. McDonalds would liaise with respective newspaper agent to promote their products. As newspaper is a wide form of media, the promotion would work as it will attract the attention of consumers. During the economic meltdown, consumers were very frugal.Realizing this, McDonalds Malaysia had publicized their Value Meal through newspaper advertisements and television commercials. It proved to be a huge success as customers had realized that it would not cost much to buy a meal in McDonalds Malaysia. Promotion in the forms of coupons are given out online and also in the forms ofleaflets. In order to increase revenue, McDonalds Malaysia had encouraged consumers to buy more by giving out discount coupons. As a result McDonalds would also have to budget for their promotional efforts for the local media sources. 3.2.1.5 Service As McDonalds strive to serve customers better, they provide value added service in the form of McDelivery. Customer service and deliver staff also play an important role in this value added service. Customer service representatives handle the customers orders, enquiries and also promote the products in McDonalds Malaysia. The delivery person has a role in delivering the food to customers and ensuring that they arrive on time. McDonalds Malaysia must also take into account the cost of the motorcycles, used by the delivery person. Regular servicing of motorcycles is needed to ensure that the vehicle is in working condition. 3.3 Impact of External Influences 3.3.1 Opportunities An opportunity is a major favourable situation in a firms environment. Key trends are one source of opportunities. Identification of a previously overlooked market segment, changes in competitive or regulatory circumstances, technological changes, and improved buyer or supplier relationships could represent opportunities for the firm. 3.3.1.1 Value Meal The economy crisis had impacted the purchasing power of consumers in Malaysia. However, McDonalds Malaysia had overcome this problem by reducing the price of the product. McDonalds Malaysia had introduced a special promotion, which is the Mc Value set. For RM (ringgit Malaysia) 5.95, the set consisted of a burger, medium sized of fries and soft drink. This had attracted a lot of customers as the price of RM5.95 is nearly equal to the price of a bowl of noodle and a beverage in most hawker stalls. Hence, many people would prefer to dine at McDonalds restaurants because of the good dining environment. During the launch of the promotion, there is only one choice in the menu on weekdays, from twelve to three oclock in the afternoon. When the response for the promotion is overwhelming, McDonalds had expanded their promotional items. Instead of one choice, the menu consisted of five choices, and the promotion is not only entitled on weekday but is available every day. This strategy was use d by McDonalds to maintain its sales during recession. 3.3.1.2 Growth and Expanding The McDonalds Malaysia chains were located mostly in the major cities. There are 185 restaurants around Malaysia and most of the restaurants are located in shopping malls and in the Klang Valley because the purchasing power in the city is regarded to be better. However, as the purchasing power in town had increased, more organisations would like to build more factories out of the city since the modal is much cheaper if compared to the city. Thus, the purchasing power will increase from time to time. 3.3.2 Threats A threat is a major unfavourable situation in a firms environment. Threats are key impediments to the firms current or desired position. The entrance of new competitors, slow market growth, increased bargaining power of key buyers or suppliers, technological changes, and new or revised regulations could represent threats to a firms success. 3.3.2.1 Competitor The major competitors for McDonalds Malaysia is KFC Malaysia (Kentucky Fried Chicken) and Burger King. Both of the brands have increased in terms of volume of the restaurant in Malaysia. Moreover, KFC have a good market share in Malaysia. Even though KFC is famous with the fried chicken, but they have different strategies in developing their product, such as developing different types of flavour of fried chicken. KFC Malaysia had localised their product to suit local taste buds, by introducing the chicken rice. This had gotten a good response as not many people had favoured fried chicken. They can either go for other KFC products such as grilled chicken, snack wrap, burger or salad. However, the slogan of KFC Malaysia, good things for all with KFC, as they are targeting different market segments, as compared to McDonalds Malaysia who only focuses on the youth market. Furthermore, Malaysia is famous with its home brand burger, which is the RAMLI burger (the burger hawker stall which is operated by Malays individually). This posed as a threat for McDonalds because RAMLI is cheaper and famous from those days before McDonalds had entered into Malaysia. 3.3.2.2 Customer Perception Nowadays, people are concerned of their health and wish to maintain a healthy life. However, McDonalds Malaysia is not alert on the above matters and still maintains the same menu without bothering about the health conscious consumers. On the other hand, Pizza Hutz and KFC are getting popular in Malaysia because Pizza Hutz had developed a new flavour, vegetable pizza while KFC have added the garden salads to the menu. Unlike McDonalds Malaysia, McDonalds USA does care about the customer needs. Salads and yoghurt have been added to the main menu. This showed that the McDonalds USA does care about the customer needs. It is dangerous for a company when it does not meet the expectations. Therefore, Mc Donalds Malaysia has to be aware about this matter or risk losing their market share. 3.4 PEST Analaysis PEST is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological, which are used to assess the market for a business or organizational unit. The PEST analysis headings are a framework for reviewing a situation and can also be used to review a strategy or position, direction of a company, a marketing proposition, or idea. By understanding the environment in which the companies operate (external to the company and department), the advantage of opportunities can be taken and the threats can be minimized. Political The political arena has a huge influence upon the regulation of businesses, and the spending power of consumers and other businesses. Economy Marketers need to consider the state of a trading economy in the short and long-terms. This is especially true when planning for international marketing. Socio-Cultural The social and cultural influences on business vary from country to country. It is very important that such factors are considered. Technology Technology is vital for competitive advantage, and is a major driver of globalization. 3.4.1 Political Factors Malaysias population comprises of many ethnic group, which includes the main three races, Malays, Chinese, Indian and other indigenous groups in East Malaysia. Therefore, Malaysians live in harmony under the slogan of One Malaysia. Thus, the stability of politics in Malaysia would attract more investors to open or expand the business in Malaysia and create more job opportunities, which in turn increase the purchasing power. 3.4.2 Economy Factors The global recession had hit the whole world at the end of 2007. This had resulted in a sharp drop in international trade and unemployment. Malaysia was not deeply affected compared to Singapore because Malaysia had learnt its lesson from the economic crisis in 1997. McDonalds Malaysia had counteract this problem by reducing the price of the product, which are the value meals mention on 3.3.1.1 and the sales is maintained well if compared to other fast restaurant who still maintain the product in the normal price. 3.4.3 Socio-Cultural Factors Malaysia is a multi-religion society and Islam is the official religion as more than half of the Malaysian population practice Islam. The people who practice Islam are known as Muslim and Muslim does not take pork. Thus, McDonalds Malaysia does not serve the pork as a respect to the religion as the majority of Malaysians are Muslim. The Muslims are the major consumers of beef, and therefore, the best selling product in McDonalds Malaysia is the Big Mac. 3.4.4 Technology Factors McDonalds Malaysia recognized the advantage of the Internet and therefore, it had notified the public about the corporate information, promotions and events. However, the McDonalds Malaysia still maintain the McDelivery order by telephone calls. This is the disadvantage for the organisation since the advancement of technology had caused the difference in consumer behaviour. Consumer would prefer to place the order online instead of calling because it would be more accurate. 3.5 Ecological Factors The ecological factors are important in a business due to the factors affect consumer behaviour. The ecological factors in McDonalds business can view by two ways which is the eco-environmental issue and corporate social responsibility (CSR). 3.5.1 Eco- environmental McDonalds Malaysia has followed the global McDonalds which examine ways of reducing material used in the production and packaging, as well as diverting as much as waste as possible from the solid waste stream. 3.5.1.1 Reduce, Reuse and Recycle In doing so, McDonalds had set the three courses of action which involved with the follow three courses of action: reduce, reuse and recycle. Reduce McDonalds will take the steps to reduce the weight and volume of packaging when serving the food. This may mean eliminating packaging, adopting thinner and lighter packaging, changing manufacturing and distribution systems, adopting new technologies or using alternative materials. On the other hand, McDonalds do continually search for materials that are environmentally preferable. Reuse McDonalds do implement reusable materials whenever feasible within the operation and distribution systems as long as that is not compromising the safety and sanitation standards, moreover the customer services and expectations which also not offset by other environmental or safety concerns. Recycle McDonalds are committed to maximum use of recycled materials in the construction, equipping and operations of restaurants. McDonalds are proud to say that they are the largest user of recycled paper in the fast food industry, applying it to such the items as Happy Meal boxes, carry out bags, carryout trays and napkins. 3.5.2 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) McDonalds Malaysia has invested a lot in the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and it does make a good business sense as the companies do not operate in a vacuum. A business does maintain a constant, interdependent relationship with the world in which or where the organization operate. 3.5.2.1 Good Works : Gift of smiles In Malaysia alone, 1 out of 600 babies is born with a cleft lip and palate. Out of the 570,000 babies born in this country, about 950 new cases are found each year. To date, there are almost 12,000 babies born with this defect and have yet to undergo corrective surgery. This is mainly due to financial constraints, parental ignorance of the available cure and in some instances, societal beliefs. McDonalds Malaysia has set a goal to instil public awareness and enable parents of these children to come forward and seek medical aid. Thus, McDonalds together with the partners, ING Insurance Berhad and Pantai Hospitals Sdn. Bhd. understand that financial constraints are a huge obstacle for many parents.. McDonalds understands the plight of these parents and would like to help by reducing their burdens. The partnership will see Pantai Hospitals Sdn Bhd undertaking corrective surgery for these children, through fundraising projects initiated by RMCC and cash contribution from ING Insurance Berhad under the Gift of Smile Programme. Together, lets give them the Gift of Smile 3.5.2.2 Sponsorship McDonalds Malaysia believes the organization would have the responsibility to give back as much as they can to the local communities. The idea of giving back is an integral part of everything the organisation doing. The McDonalds Malaysia works in the wider community to provide support and encouragement to the people who need it. All the McDonalds restaurants contribute to their local community and every year the organisation help to set up and support thousands of educational, sporting and charity programs designed to help a wide range of people and community. Consequently, McDonalds has a proactive move towards to sponsorships. McDonalds Malaysia believes the sponsorships help inspire and support Malaysians, especially for those the underprivileged to live a better life. The organisation has keen to delivering great experiences through sponsorships. 4.0 Recommendation McDonalds Malaysia is the second largest fast food franchisor in Malaysia but the business had sustained slowly in these few years. The main reason that McDonalds Malaysia gets stuck in between is because of the failure in achieving customer perception. As compared to Ramli Burger, the local burger had implements research to develop its burgers from time to time. For that reason, McDonalds Malaysia should expand the products line and focus on the youth markets as well as other age segments. By following the competitors footsteps, McDonalds should rebrand their position in the Malaysian fast food market, by not only catering for the youth but also cater to families who are health conscious and seeking value for their money. As a result, product development should be highlighted since the adults and the elderly people have much concern on their health. Moreover, fried food is hard to digest especially for older customers and infants. McDonalds can refer to what the competitors did and develop more healthy menus. It is recommended to have salad in the menu and more juices as the beverage. In addition, McDonalds can replace the vanilla ice cream with yogurt ice cream, which is very popular in the market nowadays. McDonalds Malaysia had to be more initiative in product development for achieving the consumer perception and prevent to lose the market share, as there are many competitors entering into the fast food market from time to time. 5.0 Conclusion The competitors are taking advantages with what McDonalds Malaysia missed in its business strategy. Even though McDonalds is a well known brand but improvisation is needed especially in the competitive market now. The downfall of Lehman Brothers had shown that the super brand have the possibility to fail if the business is not well managed. Hence, as consumers translates into figures in sales, all companies, regardless of any industries, should comply with their consumers expectations. A successful company is a company which can adapt to different type of environments to satisfy different type of consumers. As the saying goes, in Roman, do what the Romans do, companies should adapt to different types of culture to capture the market share in that specific country. REFERENCE LIST Daniels, D.D., Radebaugh, L.H. Sullivan, D.P. 2007, International Business Environment and Operation, 11th Edition, Pearson Education Australia Fisher, G., Hughes, R., Griffin, R.W. Pustay, M.W. 2006, International Business : managing in the Asia-Pacific, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Australia Pearce II, J.R. Robinson R.B. 2000, Strategic Management : Formulation, Implementation, and Control, 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill United States Hill, C.W.L. 2005, International Business : competing in the global marketplace, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill New York Stacey, R.D. 2007, Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics The challenge of complexity to ways of thinking about organisations, 5th Edition, Pearson Education Great Britain Thompson, J.L. 2001, Understanding Corporate Strategy, Thompson Learning London Rosen, R. 1995, Strategic Management An Introduction, Pitman Publishing London Robson, W. 1994, Strategic Management Information Systems, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education Great Britain Thompson, A.A. Strickland III, A.J. 2004, Strategic Management : Concepts and Cases , 13th Edition, McGraw-Hill New York Perry, C. 2005, McDonalds in healthy hands, Marketing Week, September 8, pp. 24-5 Rooney, J. 2005, Defining moment, Sales Marketing Management, August, pp. 30-3 Nwogugu, M. 2004, Corporate governance, strategy and corporations law.The case of Jack-in-the-Box Inc., Managerial Auditing Journal, vol. 19 no.1, pp. 29-67 Arndt, M. 2007, McDonalds 24/7, Business Week, Nos 05/02, (Issue no. 4020), pp 65-71 Clark, N. 2007, McDonalds asking for trouble, Marketing, April 2005, p.21 Pomeroy, A. 2007, Shes lovin it (diversity at McDonalds), HR Magazine, vol. 51 No. 12, pp. 58-61 Blackhurst, C. 2005, Peter Beresford (interview), Management Today, January, pp. 28-31 Royle, T. 2005, Realism or Idealism? Corporate social responsibility and the employee stakeholder in global fast-food industry, Business Ethics : A European Review, vol. 14 no. 1, pp. 42-53 Royle, T. 2005, The union recognition dispute at McDonalds Moscow food-processing factory, Industrial Relations Journal, vol. 4 no. 4, pp318-326 http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/content/mcd/our_company/mcd_history.html viewed on 13th September 2009 http://www.mcdonalds.com.my/index.asp viewed on 17th September 2009 http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/McVictory-200706 viewed on 1st October 2009 http://www.mcdonalds.com.my/abtus/corpinfo/history_msia.asp viewed on 1st October 2009 http://businessmanagement.suite101.com/article.cfm/what_is_value_chain viewed on 8th October 2009 http://www1.ximb.ac.in/users/fac/dpdash/dpdash.nsf/pages/BP_Value_Chain viewed on 8th October 2009 http://crmcdonalds.com/publish/csr/home/report/sustainable_supply_chain/resource_conservation/Global_Environmental_Commitment.html viewed on 8th October 2009

Philosophy Statement :: Education Teaching Teachers Classroom Essays

Philosophy Statement â€Å"Give a child a fish and he eats for a day. Teach him to fish and he eats for a lifetime.† ~Author Unknown Teaching is not a profession but a life choice to change the world one child at a time. In a classroom there are four walls and within those four walls lies the opportunity to build strong foundations for tomorrow. I believe there are three aspects to teaching; touching the mind (mental), the heart (emotional), and the hands (physical). If you take a young child to the lake, a river, or even a stream and teach him to fish he learns techniques mentally, feels loved and wanted emotionally, and learns that he is growing physically. The same can be said for a classroom. Instruct a child’s mind, love a child’s heart, and hold a child’s hand and success is instantly recognizable. The three walk hand in hand toward a child’s overall development. The mind must be stimulated to learn. Children learn what they see, not what they are told. Although my objective is to teach on a high school level, I believe that the same is true with teens. Parents declare, â€Å"Do as I say not as I do,† but children replicate what they are exposed to on a daily basis. If a teacher is not excited about what she is teaching neither will the student be excited about what he/she is learning. Moods are contagious, make the atmosphere outrageous! It is my desire that students see my enthusiasm when teaching my content area and that excitement ignites a fire of passion for learning within the individual student and the classroom as a whole. Young people today have a strong desire to feel wanted. They want to fit in, they want to look cool, they want to be loved and fall in love, they simply want acceptance. It is my job as a mentor to nurture those basic needs of emotional development at the adolescent age. I vow never to ridicule a student for a wrong answer, never chastise a pupil in front of peers, and never embarrass a child for the sake of demonstrating my authority. Students need to have a sense of belonging and purpose within the classroom and the world outside, nurturing their heart and emotions is critical during these years.

elationship between art and society :: essays research papers fc

Relationship Between Art And Society: Mimesis The relationship between art and society: Mimesis as discussed in the works of Aristotle, Plato, Horace and Longinus The relationship between art and society in the works of Plato are based upon his idea of the world of eternal Forms. He believed that there is a world of eternal, absolute and immutable Forms (the world of the Ideal) and thought that this is proven by when man is faced with the appearance of anything in the material world, his mind is moved to a remembrance of the Idea or an absolute and immutable version of the thing he sees. It is this moment of recollection that he wonders about the contrast between the world of shadows and the world of the Ideal. It is in this moment of wondering that man struggles to reach the world of Forms through the use of reason. Anything then that does not serve reason is the enemy of man. Given this, it is only but logical that poetry should be eradicated from society. Poetry shifts man’s focus away from reason by presenting man wit h imitations of objects from the concrete world. Poetry, with its focus on mimesis or imitation, has no moral value. While Plato sees reality as a shadow of a realm of pure Ideas (which in turn is copied by art), Aristotle sees reality as a process of partially realized forms moving towards their ideal realizations. Given this idea by Aristotle, the mimetic quality of art is redefined as the duplication of the living process of nature and its need to reach its potential form. Art then for Aristotle does not become the enemy of society if the artist is loyal in the representation of the process of becoming in nature. Horace, like Aristotle and Plato, also brings to view a theory of poetry as mimesis. He believes that a poet should imitate real life and real manners in a similarly real language of the times. This is because of his belief of the importance of the audience’s response to art. Horace focuses on the conventions that an artist must fulfill so that the expectations of the audience may be met. The audience of that time was composed of both the equites , who expected amusement from art, and the senatores , who expected beneficial lessons from art, and so the artist must know his craft and the conventions of his craft so that art may fulfill its ultimate role in society which is both to create pleasure and to instruct.

The Amateur Scientist :: essays research papers

I was on my way to work, when I started to read this interesting story and I don't deny that I was a little sceptical in the beginning. But the more I read, the more I wanted to know about this man and his unique ways to define Science. I finished reading it in about 15 minutes, it literally sucked me in. This is an attempt to analyze and explain to the "audience," what my personal point of view is regarding this great genius, great mind, great scientist Richard Feynman. Defined by his colleagues as the "The brightest mind since Einstein," he explains how he used everyday tools to make scientific discoveries. How he describes his methods in a simple way makes science enjoyable and understandable, even to the average reader. I enjoyed reading the essay entitled "The Amateur Scientist," by Nobel prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman (1918-1988). I found it to be very interesting and felt that Mr. Feynman was very thoughtful. Rather than explain in technical detail about his work in physics, Feynman instead related interesting anecdotes throughout his life, as a college student and graduate student at Princeton University, that gave to the reader an understanding of his work as a scientist. The writing won my attention because his stories about his youth and his days at Princeton fascinated me. He was always exploring his environment to learn new things about science, especially how things worked. Feynman's thirst for clever things to do and clever ways to do ordinary things were remarkable. One of the best anecdotes that illustrate this point, was his experience at Princeton detailing ants' behavior. Feynman was constantly searching for the connection between hypothesis and truth, so one day at Princeton he started to observe the ants' that were coming out on his windowsill. The experiment with the ants is a reflection of this man's mind, always in search for an answer. In this anecdote Feynman explains how, with only a bit of sugar, and a couple of pieces of paper, he was able to find out many things about ants' behaviors. Feynman compares his study on the ants with the same kind of "experiment" he performed in Brazil, observing leaf-cutting ants. The author pointed out that, although the Brazilian ants seemed to be smarter, there are still some affinities with domestic ants. It is remarkable how Feynman discovered that ants have no sense of "geometry," the goal of his experiment was to determine whether or not ants have some kind of communication a nd if they have the ability to find their way back where the "food" was.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Forty

Damon was moving fast, and Elena and the others had to almost race to keep up with him as they headed for the library. â€Å"Typical Stefan, sacrificing himself,† he muttered angrily. â€Å"He could have asked for help when he realized something was going on.† He stopped for a second to let the others catch up and glared at them al . â€Å"If Stefan can't handle a few newly made vampires by himself, I'm ashamed of him,† he said. â€Å"Maybe we should just leave him after al . Survival of the fittest.† Elena touched his hand lightly, and, after a moment, Damon hurried on toward the library. She didn't for an instant believe he would leave Stefan a captive. None of them did. The taut, strained lines of his face showed that Damon was entirely focused on the danger his brother was in, their rivalry temporarily forgotten. â€Å"It's not just a few vampires,† Matt said. â€Å"There are about twenty-five of them. I'm sorry, you guys, I've been a moron.† He swung the stave Meredith had given him – Samantha's stave – determinedly in one hand. â€Å"It's not your fault,† Bonnie said. â€Å"You couldn't have known your frat – or whatever – was evil, could you?† If anyone had spotted them as they crossed the campus, Elena was sure they would have been an alarming sight: she and Bonnie were clutching the large, sharp hunting knives Meredith had given them only half concealed under their jackets. Matt was holding the stave, and Meredith had her own stave in one hand. But it was past midnight, and the path they were fol owing was deserted. Only Damon wasn't carrying a weapon, and he clearly was a weapon. His human fa?ade seemed to have lifted, and his angry expression could have been carved out of stone, except for the glimpse of sharp white teeth between his lips and the seemingly bottomless darkness of his eyes. When they reached the closed library, Damon didn't pause, forcing its metal doors open with the grinding sound of splitting metal. Elena glanced around nervously. The last thing they needed was campus security showing up. But the paths near the library were dark and empty. They al fol owed Damon down to the basement and into the hal ways of administrative offices. Final y, he stopped outside the door marked Research Office where he and Elena had once met Matt. â€Å"This is the entrance?† he asked Matt and, at his nod, efficiently broke the lock on the door. â€Å"You're al staying up here. Just Meredith and I are going down.† He looked at Meredith. â€Å"Want to kil some vampires, hunter? Let's fulfil your destiny, shal we?† Meredith slashed her stave in the air, and a slow smile tugged at the corners of her mouth. â€Å"I'm ready,† she said at last. â€Å"I'm coming, too,† Elena said, keeping her voice steady. â€Å"I'm not waiting up here while Stefan's in danger.† Damon drew a breath, and she thought he was going to argue with her, but instead he sighed. â€Å"Al right, princess,† he said, his voice gentler than it had been since Matt told them what had happened to Stefan. â€Å"But you do what I – or Meredith – tel you.† â€Å"I'm not waiting up here,† Matt said stubbornly. â€Å"This is my fault.† Damon turned on him, his mouth twisting into a sneer. â€Å"Yes, it is your fault. And you told us Ethan can control you. I don't want to get your knife in my back while we're fighting your enemies.† Matt dropped his head, defeated. â€Å"Okay,† he said. â€Å"Go down two flights of stairs, and you'l see the doors to the room they're in.† Damon nodded sharply and pul ed up the trapdoor. Meredith fol owed him down the stairs, but Matt caught Elena's arm as she headed after them. â€Å"Please,† he said quickly. â€Å"If any of the pledges stil seem rational, even if they're vampires, try to get them out. Maybe we can help them. My friend Chloe†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In the grim lines of his face, his pale blue eyes were frightened. â€Å"I'l try,† Elena said, and squeezed his hand. She exchanged a glance with Bonnie, then fol owed Meredith through the trapdoor. When they reached the entrance to the Vitale Society's chamber, Meredith and Damon pressed their backs against the elaborately carved wooden doors. Watching, Elena could see a similarity for the first time between them. Now that they were facing a battle, Meredith and Damon were both wearing eager smiles. One †¦ two †¦ came Damon's silent count †¦ three. They pushed together. The double doors flew inward, and the chains that had held them closed went flying. Damon stalked in, stil smiling a vicious gleaming smile, Meredith erect and alert behind him, her stave poised. Dark figures rushed at them, but Elena was looking past them, searching for Stefan. Then her eyes found him, and al the breath rushed out of her. He was hurt. Tied firmly to a chair, he raised a pale face to greet her, his leaf-green eyes agonized. From his arm, dark red blood dripped steadily, pooling on the floor beneath his chair. Elena went a little mad. Charging across the room toward Stefan, she was only half aware of one of the hooded figures leaping at her, and of Damon catching it in midstride, casual y snapping its neck and letting the body fal to the floor. Absently, she registered the smack of wood against flesh as Meredith caught another attacker with her stave so that it fel in convulsions as the concentrated essence of vervain from the stave's spikes hit its bloodstream. And then she was crouching next to Stefan, and, for a moment at least, nothing else mattered. He was shaking slightly, just the faintest tremors, and she stroked his hand, careful of the wound on his forearm. Raised red ridges ran around his wrists below the rope, spots of blood on their surface. â€Å"Vervain on the ropes,† he muttered. â€Å"I'm okay, just hurry.† And then, â€Å"Elena?† Below the pain in his voice, a dawning note of joy. She hoped he could read al the love she felt in her eyes as she met his gaze. â€Å"I'm here, Stefan. I'm so sorry.† She took out the knife Meredith had given her and began to saw at the ropes that held him, careful not to cut him, trying not to pul the ropes any tighter. He winced in pain, and then the ropes around his wrists snapped. â€Å"Your poor arm,† she said, and felt in her pockets for something to staunch the blood, final y just pul ing off her jacket and holding it against the cut. Stefan took the jacket from her. â€Å"You'l have to cut through the rest of the ropes, too,† he said, his voice strained. â€Å"I can't touch them because of the vervain.† She nodded and went to work on the ropes holding his legs. â€Å"I love you,† she told him, concentrating on her work, not looking up. â€Å"I love you so much. I hurt you, and I never wanted to. Never, Stefan. Please believe me.† She finished cutting through the ropes around his knee s and ankles and chanced a glance up at Stefan's face. Tears, she realized, were running down her own face, and she wiped them away. The thud of another body hitting the floor and a screech of rage came from behind them. But Stefan's eyes held hers unwaveringly. â€Å"Elena, I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he sighed. â€Å"I love you more than anything in the world,† he said simply. â€Å"You know that. No conditions.† She took a long, shuddering breath and wiped the tears away again. She had to be able to see, had to keep her hands from shaking. The ropes around his torso were looped and twisted together. She pul ed at them, finding where there was enough give to start cutting, and Stefan hissed in pain. â€Å"Sorry, sorry,† she said hurriedly, and began to slice through the rope as rapidly as she dared. â€Å"Stefan,† she began again, â€Å"the kiss with Damon – Well, I can't lie and say I don't feel anything for him – but the kiss wasn't anything I'd planned on. I didn't even mean to be with him that night, it just happened. And when you saw us, that kiss, he'd just saved my life†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She was stumbling over her words now, and she let them trail off. â€Å"I don't have any real excuses, Stefan,† she said flatly. â€Å"I just want you to forgive me. I don't think I can live without you.† The last of the ropes parted, and she eased them from around him before she looked up, frightened and hopeful. Stefan was gazing at her, his sculpted lips turning up in a half smile. â€Å"Elena,† he said and pul ed her to him in a brief, tender kiss. Then he pushed her to the wal . â€Å"Stay out of this, please,† he said, and limped toward the fight, stil weak from the vervain, but reaching to pul a vampire away from Meredith and sinking his own fangs into its neck. Not that she needed his help. Meredith was amazing. When had she gotten so good? Elena had seen her fight before, of course, and she'd been strong and quick, but now the tal girl was as graceful as a dancer and as deadly as an assassin. She was fighting three vampires, who circled her angrily. Spinning and kicking, moving almost as fast as the monsters she was fighting, despite the fact that their speed was supernatural, she knocked one off his feet, sending him flying, and, in a smooth fol ow-up blow, bashed another in the face, leaving the vampire staggering backward with his hands up, half blinded. There were bodies littered across the floor, evidence of Meredith's skil and Damon's vicious rage. As Elena watched, Stefan tossed down the drained body of the vampire he had been fighting and looked around. Only Ethan and the three vampires surrounding Meredith remained on their feet. Damon had Ethan on the run, backing nervously away as Damon stalked toward him, peppering him with sharp open-handed blows. â€Å"†¦ my brother,† she heard Damon muttering. â€Å"Insolent pup. You think you know anything, child, you think you want power?† With a sudden, violent movement, he grabbed Ethan's arm and jerked. Elena could hear the bone snap. Stefan passed Elena, heading toward Meredith again, and paused for a moment. â€Å"Ethan was laying a trap for Damon,† he told her dryly. â€Å"I don't know why I was worried. Clearly, he didn't know what he was trying to catch.† Elena nodded again, suppressing a grin. The idea of any brand-new vampire getting the better of Damon, with al his experience and cunning, seemed ridiculous. Then the tide of the battle suddenly turned. One of the vampires Meredith was fighting dodged her blow and, half bent over, flung itself at her, knocking the slender girl into the air. There was an endless moment where Meredith looked like she was flying, arms akimbo, and then she slammed headfirst into the heavy altarlike table at the front of the room. The table wobbled and fel over with a heavy thud. Meredith lay stil , her eyes closed, unconscious. Elena ran to her and knelt down, cradling her head in her lap. The three vampires Meredith had been fighting were worse for the wear. One had blood steadily streaming down his face, another was limping, and the last was doubled over as if something had been injured inside her, but they could stil move fast. In an instant, they had surrounded Stefan. As Damon growled and turned, shifting his stance to help his brother, Ethan saw his chance and launched himself at Damon. Faster than Elena's eye could fol ow, his teeth were gouging at Damon's throat, bright spurts of blood flying up. He had a knife in one hand and was trying to cut at Damon at the same time as he bit. With a cry of pain and shock, Damon clawed at Ethan, trying to fling him away. Elena picked up her knife again and rushed toward them. But two of the remaining vampires were on Damon in a split second, pul ing his arms back. One caught Damon's midnight dark hair in his hand, yanking the older vampire's head back to expose his throat more ful y to Ethan's teeth. Off balance, Damon staggered backward and for a moment caught Elena's eye, his face soft with dismay. Terrified, Elena grabbed at the back of one of the vampires, and it threw her to the floor without even looking at her. Stefan, meanwhile, was caught in a struggle with another vampire, desperate to get to his brother. Damon was a better and a more experienced warrior than any of the vampires attacking him. But if they pushed their momentary advantage, used their superior numbers, they might bring him down before he could recover. She clutched her knife tighter and jumped to her feet again, knowing in her heart that she'd be too late to save him but that she needed to try. A snarling blur shot past her, and Stefan, free of his adversary, slammed into Ethan, throwing him across the room, sending his knife flying. Without pausing, he ripped one of the other vampires from Damon's arm and snapped his neck. By the time the body hit the floor, Damon had neatly dispatched the other one. The brothers, both panting, exchanged a long look that seemed to carry a lot of unspoken communication. Damon wiped a smear of crimson blood from his mouth with the back of his hand. Suddenly an arm was around Elena's throat, and the knife was wrenched out of her hand. She was being dragged upward. Something sharp was poking her in the tender hol ow at the bottom of her neck. â€Å"I can kil her before you could even get over here,† Ethan's voice said, too loud by her ear. Elena flailed an arm backward, trying to grab at his hair or face, and he kicked viciously at her legs, knocking her off-balance, and pul ed her closer. â€Å"I could snap her neck with one arm. I could stab her with her own knife and let her bleed out. It would be fun.† He was holding her knife, Elena realized, pressed against her throat. His other arm hung loose, and curiously bent. Damon had broken it, Elena remembered. Stefan and Damon froze and then very slowly turned toward Elena and Ethan, both their faces shuttered and wary. Then Damon's broke into a rictus of rage. â€Å"Let her go,† he snarled. â€Å"We'd kil you the second she hit the ground.† Ethan laughed, a remarkably genuine laugh for someone in a life-or-death standoff. â€Å"She'l stil be dead, though, so I think it might be worth it. You're not planning to let me leave here anyway, are you?† He turned to Stefan, his voice mocking. â€Å"You know, I heard all about the Salvatore brothers from some of Klaus's other descendants. They said you were aristocratic and beautiful and terribly hot tempered. That Stefan was moral, and that Damon was remorseless. But they also said that you were both fools for love, always for love. It's your fatal flaw. So, yeah, I think my chances are a lot better when I've got your girlfriend in my power. Whose girlfriend is she, actual y? I can't tel .† Elena flinched. â€Å"Wait a second, Ethan.† Stefan held out his hands placatingly. â€Å"Hold on. If you agree not to bring back Klaus and let Elena go safely, we'l give you whatever you want. Get out of town, and we won't come after you. You'l be safe. If you know about us, you know we'l keep our word.† Behind him, Damon nodded reluctantly, his eyes on Elena's face. Ethan laughed again. â€Å"I don't think you have anything I want anymore, Stefan,† he said. â€Å"The rest of the Vitale Society, including our newest initiates, wil be coming back soon, and I think they'l tip the scales back in my favor.† He tightened his arm around Elena's throat. â€Å"We've kil ed so many students on this campus. Surely one more won't be missed.† Damon hissed in rage and started forward, but Ethan cal ed out, â€Å"Stop right there, or – â€Å" Suddenly, he jerked, and Elena felt a sharp, stinging pain in her throat. She squeaked in horror and grabbed at her own neck. But it was only a scratch from the knife. As Stefan and Damon stood helpless and furious, Ethan's arm loosened from around her throat. He made a hideous gurgling noise. Elena yanked away as soon as his grip weakened. Blood was running in long thick rivulets from Ethan's torso, and his mouth opened in shock as he clutched at himself and slowly fel forward, a round hole in his chest fil ing with blood. Behind him, Meredith stood, hair flying, her usual y cool gray eyes burning like dark coals in her face. Her stave was coated in Ethan's blood. â€Å"I got him in the heart,† she said, her voice fierce. â€Å"Thank you,† Elena murmured politely. She was feeling†¦ real y †¦ very peculiar, and it wasn't until she was actual y starting to fal that she thought, Oh no, I think I'm going to faint. Blurrily, she saw both Damon and Stefan rushing forward to catch her, and when she came to a moment later, she was held tightly in two pairs of arms. â€Å"I'm okay,† she said. â€Å"It was just †¦ for a second, I was†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She felt one pair of arms pul her closer for a moment, and then they released her, shifting her weight over to the other set. When she looked up, Stefan was clutching her tightly to him. Damon stood a few feet away, his face unreadable. â€Å"I knew you'd come to save me,† Stefan said, holding Elena but looking at Damon. Damon's lips twitched into a tiny, reluctant smile. â€Å"Of course I did, you idiot,† he said gruffly. â€Å"I'm your brother.† They looked at each other for a long moment, and then Damon's eyes flicked to Elena, stil in Stefan's arms, and away. â€Å"Let's put out the torches and go,† he said briskly. â€Å"We've stil got about fourteen vampires to find.†

Touching the Void: Moitivational Theories

paltry the reverse is an inspiring story closely the superpower of the human give. To my surprise, the film left me emotionally spent as it touched on the issues of friendship, mortality and endurance. I am positive(predicate) many an other(a)(prenominal) of my classmates will agree that it is an nasty story. But, for me, the thing that makes it truly inspirational is the carriage that Joe never gave up. In this brief subject I intend to show how self Determination and Goal Setting scheme influenced Joes inspiring story of survival. self Determination system ego-Determination scheme draws from the research that quite a little are inherently active organisms that strive for positive interactions with the milieu (Class Lecture, February 3rd 2011). The theory suggests that people return three psychological deals that moldinessiness be satisfied to initiate and specialize everyday doings. In addition, the theory as well as specifies that satisfaction of these nee ds also enhances essential motivation (Deci & Ryan, 1985b, as cited in pass through 2008).Intrinsic motivation is self-directed demonstrate which excretes to more interest establish behaviour rather than behaviour based on external rewards (Deci & Ryan, 1985b, as cited in reeve 2008). The first psychological need is to impression a sense of autonomy in performing an activity. Autonomous behaviour involves having an native locus of control and freedom to determine own behaviour. Autonomy is increased by having a choice, flexibility and opportunities for self pleader ( pass through & Jang, 2006, as cited in reeve 2008).The se stackt need is having a sense of relatedness. This squirt be achieved by having close carnal knowledgeships with people who care round you (Baumeister & Leary, 1995, as cited in Reeve 2008). The third fundamental need is to perceive competence in relation to an activity. Competence is increased by pleasing in activities that facilate optimal repugn a nd provides useful feedback (Deci & Ryan, 1985b, as cited in Reeve 2008). Self Determination theory provides us with a very applicable frame acidify to meet Joes behaviour during his fight to dumbfound alive.As noted by prof Nisbet in class, intrinsic motivation is principally inherent in people and, can flourish out of peoples need for autonomy, relatedness and competence. There are many benefits an individual can attain by embracing intrinsic motivation. One of these benefits is the grandeur of persistence on a intriguing labor (Deci & Ryan, 1985b, as cited in Reeve 2008). There are numerous cause during the film which persistence on a task is evident. Immediately after Joe breaks his leg, it axiomatic the persistence level of some(prenominal) climbers begins to escalate.Although both men know that a bewildered leg during a mountain mounting is correspondingly fatal, they still persistent and work toward the stopping points of reaching the bottom. Joe is in excruciat ing botheration but he continues on exclusively because there are no other options. There comes a point in the film where Joe is alone, and he continues to fight veritable(a) though his hope of survival is slipping. Joe describes a constant voice in his passing play that urges him to keep going. I recall that Joes inner voice re reachs his proceed persistence and object to survive.It is clear that Joes high level of persistence allowed him to constrict him forward when he felt like giving up. Goal Setting Theory Goal bandingting theory is based on the idea that circumstantial, difficult final stages lead to higher task performance than do easy goals (Locke & Latham, 1990 Mento, Steel & Karren, 1987 Tubbs, 1986, as cited in Reeve 2008). Before difficult and specific goals can raise performance, the concept of goal acceptance must take belongings within an individual. In general, the individual must decide either to accept or reject the goal.If the goal is both accepted, i t will enhance performance and facilitate goal commitment (Erez & Kanfer, 1983, as cited in Reeve 2008). In addition, Because goals refer to a in store(predicate) ideal state, background goals may get out discrepancy between a turn over and ideal state. This mismatch between present and ideal state will make an individual to achieve an ideal state and modify an in efficient plan if necessary. (Campion & Lord, 1982, as cited in Reeve 2008). Joes survival story is a testament to how to effective goal setting can be.With no food, no water frostbitten fingers, and a shattered leg Joe comes to the conclusion that if he wants to survive he must set definite targets for himself. Faced with an enormous task, Joe systematically sets small specific, attainable goals to increase the chances of his survival. For example, Joe would challenge himself to crawl to a particular shake within twenty minutes. When he got there, he set himself another goal, and then another. This is how Joes man aged to mentally deal with the expectingly impossible task of getting to the bottom of the mountain.In summary, Touching the Void is an astonishing story of determination and persistence and it probably says more to me about goal-setting than anything else I have ever watched. By focusing on Joes 3 psychological needs and goal setting motives, we have learned much about the reasons why Joe never gave up. Although it may seem unrealistic to compare how Joe survived a lifetime and death ordeal to our ordinary lives, constitutional stories like this help us study what drives motivational behaviours in everyday situations.

Ideal Student Essay

Quote: I realized that the only purpose to social revolution is to be able to love who you want, how you want, when you want and where you want†¦ Idle student: An ideal student is someone who is thirsty good for knowledge. Such a student will not be distracted in class. After all that is what every teacher desires. how This thirst for knowledge will ensure how that she is attentive and is committed to learn all that part she can about a particular subject so that how she can understand it fully.An best student is a patriot.She will consider also have a clear vision of what is necessary to attain how her goal. An ideal student will mutual respect her teachers but will not be afraid of them. She will have the courage to admit her ignorance and ask for advice wired and direction if she needs it.She will not be the kind of person who accepts  things blindly and learns by rote.Apart extract from studies, he knowingly gets involves in activities.

An ideal student will observe discipline. She free will be punctual and properly dressed.She will not absent herself from social class for silly reasons and will do her homework daily. She will be neat and tidy and observe decorum in class.He achieves success in life by using first time properly.These ideal students would go on to become ideal citizens. Who is an ideal student.?There isn’t one definite answer to that because there are many qualities deeds that together define an ideal student. The most important good quality of an ideal student is that for him.It unquestionably promotes economic economic status of the nation.

Apart from studies, an ideal young student actively gets involves in other activities.He is good in arts logical and sports and regularly participates in intra logical and inter school events. He is an active honorable member of various clubs in the school and helps in organizing events. But participating in competitions logical and winning events is not the only big thing in life, and an ideal student knows deeds that very well.Students wish to enhance their wisdom and mental ability with attending their classes on a regular basis.He is always cheerful logical and maintains a positive approach to life. He large spreads hope and happiness wherever he goes. In short his conduct is admired by everyone. An ideal student is a voracious reader.Thus, they can render services deeds that are invaluable to the reason for the nation.

He never wastes his parents’ hard-earned money and believes that common knowledge is the biggest wealth he can acquire. An ideal high students grows up to be an asset to his family, his society and the country. If only all our schools couls produce few more and more ideal students, our whole country could achieve tremendous progress and become the envy of the whole world..He is an physical embodiment of all of the virtues.Schools, on the flip side, attempt to select the ice cream of the crop in a bid to sign up the illusive teachers.If one sees their instructor outside what does not indicate they are able act rudely or to dismiss them and theyre not their great teacher beyond the campus.

Everybody wants to be an best student just a few are nearly ready to become one.Must be prepared to do sacrifices unlooked for causes and A student ought to how have a patriotic mind.Hes an perfect citizen in the making.Ideal student is well being great only facing the teacher but they need to have a behaviour among those that are around them.

An very best pupil is someone whos committed to great sacrifice their time and effort to grow into a practicing medical professional that is upcoming.Any student can grow into an student deeds that is perfect.Beneficial and good habits are cultivated by him.An medical student is the one whos an all-rounder.